Panic attacks are brief episodes of extreme anxiety that manifest in physical and psychological symptoms. They may be mistaken for heart attacks or strokes, but are actually a result of a malfunction of the autonomic nervous system. Panic attacks can occur suddenly and usually peak within ten minutes. Most panic attacks end within 20 to 30 minutes. Panic attacks can be extended by cyclical anxious thoughts.
Some symptoms include:
- Chills
- Nausea
- Sweating
- Chest pain
- Palpitations
- Shaking
- Feelings of suffocation
- Shortness of breath
- Muscle weakness
- Fainting or dizziness
Sometimes panic attacks are isolated incidents, but if a person has had at least two panic attacks and lives in fear of having another, they may have panic disorder. A panic attacks often happen without an obvious cause. People suffering with panic disorder may develop phobias related to something they associate with panic attacks, including open spaces, and large crowds.
Panic disorder is classified as an anxiety disorder, and like other forms of anxiety, it is commonly treated with a combination of therapy, medications, and healthy lifestyle changes. Anxiety patients are also encouraged to do breathing exercises, get regular exercise, and to avoid stimulants. Sensory coping skills can help to reduce the time and occurrence rate of panic attacks.